Tech Mails

Re: HarperCollins

Steve Jobs to James Murdoch, January 23, 2010

Exhibit
From
Steve Jobs
Sent
Saturday, January 23, 2010
To
James Murdoch
Subject
Re: HarperCollins

Transcribed by hand from a scanned document or screenshot. Small typos are possible; the source link has the original.

James, A few thoughts to consider (I'd appreciate it if we can keep this between you and me): 1. The current business model of companies like Amazon distributing ebooks below cost or without making a reasonable profit isn't sustainable for long. As ebooks become a larger business, distributors will need to make at least a small profit, and you will want this too so that they invest in the future of the business with infrastructure, marketing, etc. 2. All the major publishers tell us that Amazon's $9.99 price for new releases is eroding the value perception of their products in customer's minds, and they do not want this practice to continue for new releases. 3. Apple is proposing to give the cost benefits of a book without raw materials, distribution, remaindering, cost of capital, bad debt, etc., to the customer, not Apple. This is why a new release would be priced at $12.99, say, instead of $16.99 or even higher. Apple doesn't want to make more than the slim profit margin it makes distributing music, movies, etc. 4. $9 per new release should represent a gross margin neutral business model for the publishers. We are not asking them to make any less money. As for the artists, giving them the same amount of royalty as they make today, leaving the publisher with the same profits, is as easy as sending them all a letter telling them that you are paying them a higher percentage for ebooks. They won't be sad. 5. Analysts estimate that Amazon has sold slightly more than one million Kindles in 18+ months (Amazon has never said). We will sell more of our new devices than all of the Kindles ever sold during the first few weeks they are on sale. If you stick with just Amazon, B&N, Sony, etc., you will likely be sitting on the sidelines of the mainstream ebook revolution. 6. Customers will demand an end-to-end solution, meaning an online bookstore that carries the books, handles the transactions with their credit cards, and delivers the books seamlessly to their device. So far, there are only two companies who have demonstrated online stores with significant transaction volume - Apple and Amazon. Apple's iTunes Store and App Store have over 120 million customers with credit cards on file and have downloaded over 12 billion products. This is the type of online assets that will be required to scale the ebook business into something that matters to the publishers. So, yes, getting around $9 per new release is less than the $12.50 or so that Amazon is currently paying. But the current situation is not sustainable and not a strong foundation upon which to build an ebook business. And the amount we will pay should be gross margin neutral. Apple is the only other company currently capable of making a serious impact, and we have 4 of the 6 big publishers signed up already. Once we open things up for the second tier of publishers, we will have plenty of books to offer. We'd love to have HC among them. Thanks for listening. Steve
SJX-000013

About this email

Jobs replied to News Corp's James Murdoch, whose HarperCollins unit had not yet agreed to Apple's iBooks terms. The message sits below Jobs's January 24 reply in the exhibit and follows Murdoch's January 23, 1:56 PM email; the exhibit prints no header for Jobs's message itself.

The whole thread

  1. Jan 23, 2010 Steve Jobs James, A few thoughts to consider (I'd appreciate it if we can keep this between you and me): 1. The current…
  2. Jan 24, 2010 Steve Jobs James, Our proposal does set the upper limit for ebook retail pricing based on the hardcover price of each…