RestrictedWar Dept Field Archive FA-506 · Co E, 506th PIR, 101st Airborne · Open for Public Study

The /fun Collection · A Field Archive in Ten Reels

Currahee

One rifle company — Easy, 506th Parachute Infantry, 101st Airborne — from a Georgia mountain to Hitler's front porch. Built from Ambrose and the books the men wrote themselves. Everything sourced, nothing invented.

“We few, we happy few, we band of brothers…” — the line is Shakespeare's. The proof is Easy Company's.

Reels10
Men on file17
Books on shelf12
Your stamps0/5
I

Reel I

Currahee

Camp Toccoa, Georgia, 1942. The volunteers who wanted the wings had to earn the mountain first — at a trot, in formation, as often as Sobel felt like it.

1,2001,5001,735CAMP TOCCOASUMMIT · 1,735 FT3 MILES UP3 MILES DOWNMI 0MI 1MI 2MI 3
Clock00:00
Distance0.0 mi / 6.0
Elevation980 ft
Standard50:00
Outbound
Summit
Home

Let go and the column slows to a shuffle.

Currahee Mountain From the Cherokee — commonly rendered “stands alone.” The 506th took the word as its motto and its battle cry.

SOURCES: Currahee Military Museum, Toccoa GA · Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992)

// The road to the war — tap a stop //

// Reel II //

Spooling Reel II — the jump…

// The scatter — planned vs. actual, tap a cross //

UTAH BEACHFLOODEDSte. Mère-ÉgliseSte. Marie-du-MontCarentanBeuzeville-au-PlainDZ C (PLANNED)SCHEMATIC — COAST AND TOWNS STYLIZED, LANDING POINTS APPROXIMATE PER THE MEN'S ACCOUNTS. THE POINT OF THE MAP IS THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE CIRCLE AND THE CROSSES.
III

Reel III

Brécourt Manor

0830, 6 June 1944. Four German 105s are walking shells onto the one road off Utah Beach. Winters gets a dozen men and one sentence of orders. This is the assault, step by step.

2nd Bn, 506th PIR — verbal field order

≈ 0830, 6 June 1944, Le Grand Chemin

Battery of German guns in a hedgerow position southwest of here is firing on the causeway off UTAH beach. E Company will take the battery. Available: eleven men, two machine guns, what you carry. Move now.

Winters' actual orders were about that long. He did his reconnaissance, put two MGs down as a base of fire, and hit the trench from the flank instead of the field — the whole textbook, improvised in minutes.

SOURCES: Winters w/ Kingseed, Beyond Band of Brothers (2006) · Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992)

IV

Reel IV

The Line

Every mile between an English village and an Austrian lake, in order. Scrub the route or tap a stop — air legs arc, the one sea leg is the trip back to refit.

ENGLISH CHANNELNORTH SEAATLANTICALDBOURNE, ENGLANDNCONIC CONFORMAL · PARALLELS 45°/54° · BAKED AT AUTHOR TIME — NO MAP LIBRARY ABOARD
Sep '43Jul '45

Sept 1943 – Jun 1944Aldbourne, England

1

Aldbourne, England

Nine months of billets, night problems, and training that narrowed to one specific piece of France. The company came back here in July 1944 to refit after Normandy — 65 casualties lighter, per Ambrose — before Holland.

RoleHome station
Arrived bySS Samaria, via Liverpool

*Casualty figure per Ambrose. Entry to the continent: by sea to England Sept '43 (Reel I); by parachute thereafter.

V

Reel V

Bastogne

The Bois Jacques, on the line between Foy and Bizory. Hold the woods, ration everything, and when the enemy demands your surrender — answer briefly.

FOY — 1,200 YDE CO LINEBOIS JACQUES · DEC 1944 — SHELLS BURST IN THE TREETOPS; THE WOODS WERE NO ROOF

The 101st reached Bastogne on 19 December and was encircled by the 20th. Easy Company dug into the Bois Jacques, the woods on the line between Foy and Bizory, and held it — through the siege, the fog, the shelling, and the January attacks — for nearly a month.

Encircled20–27 Dec 1944
GroundBois Jacques, facing Foy
WeatherSnow, fog, sub-zero nights
Relief4th Armored Div, 26 Dec

SOURCES: Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992) · US Army Center of Military History

Supply state — encircled

Winter clothingNone issued
Artillery ammunitionRationed to a handful of rounds
RationsShort — K-rations, beans when lucky
MedicalDivision surgical team captured 19 Dec
Air resupplyGrounded by fog until 23 Dec

That morning four Germans came up the Arlon road under a white flag carrying a typed ultimatum: Bastogne was surrounded by armored units, resistance was hopeless, and the “honorable surrender” of the encircled American forces was demanded within two hours.

Headquarters, 101st Airborne Division — outgoing message

Brig. Gen. McAuliffe's reply, typed out by his G-3 after the general wondered aloud what to say and a staffer suggested his own first reaction. The German officers required a translation. They received one.

The siege lifting didn't end it. On 3 January a barrage in the Bois Jacques took Joe Toye's leg, and Bill Guarnere's when he went out after him. On the 9th–10th, shelling killed Skip Muck and Alex Penkala in their hole. On 13 January the company attacked across the open snow into Foy — the assault where Speirs took command at a dead run — then Noville, then Rachamps, and finally, on 17 January, out of the line.

SOURCES: Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992) · Malarkey w/ Welch, Easy Company Soldier (2008) · Guarnere & Heffron, Brothers in Battle, Best of Friends (2007) · Winters w/ Kingseed, Beyond Band of Brothers (2006)

VI

Reel VI

The Men

Seventeen files from a company that mustered about 140 at a time. Real men, documented facts, their own books cited. Photographs deliberately not on file — the books have the faces.

Toccoa-stamped files are 1942 originals; the rest joined along the way — and the originals are the first to say the replacements bled the same. Some 366 men ultimately served in Easy's ranks; these seventeen stand for all of them.

VII

Reel VII

The Kit

Everything one man wore into Normandy — a hundred pounds and change, per the accounts. Blow it apart, tap the pieces. The cricket works.

ONE RIFLEMAN · NIGHT OF 5–6 JUNE 1944

The commonly cited figure for the D-Day jump load runs 100 to 150 pounds per man — the accounts agree on the practical test: many men could not stand up unassisted and had to be helped, or pushed, up the C-47's steps.

VIII

Reel VIII

The Points

Zell am See, Austria, summer 1945. The war in Europe is over; the war in the Pacific is not. One number decides which one is yours.

Adjusted service rating — worksheet

Critical score as of 12 May 1945: 85 points (enlisted men)

Months in service

since 16 Sept 1940 · 1 pt each

0= 0

Months overseas

counted on top of service · 1 pt each

0= 0

Combat decorations

DSC, Silver Star, Bronze Star, Purple Heart… · 5 pts each

0= 0

Campaign stars

one per named campaign · 5 pts each

0= 0

Children under 18

maximum of three counted · 12 pts each

0= 0

Your score

0

of 85 required

Work the arithmetic — every man in the company could do this sum from memory.

Easy Company's campaign credits: Normandy, Rhineland (Holland), Ardennes-Alsace, Central Europe.

After Germany surrendered, the Army graded every soldier with the Adjusted Service Rating — the “point system.” Eighty-five points sent an enlisted man home. Under 85, you stayed with the occupation and trained for the Pacific. In Austria that summer, Easy Company men did this arithmetic daily, on scraps of paper, out loud, in their sleep.

Thirty-three months in uniform, twenty overseas, a Purple Heart, and every campaign the division fought — Normandy, Holland, the Ardennes, Central Europe — comes to 78 points. Seven short. Now you understand the look on every face in Austria.

SOURCES: The National WWII Museum · US Army Center of Military History · Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992)

IX

Reel IX

The Record

The company wrote itself down — the historian first, then the men, one by one. Pull a spine. Then read where the accounts disagree, because they do, and that's the honest part.

Band of Brothers92Beyond Band of Brothers06Conversations with Major…14Biggest Brother05Easy Company Soldier08Brothers in Battle, Best…07Call of Duty08Parachute Infantry94We Who Are Alive and Rem…09A Company of Heroes10Shifty's War11Fierce Valor22THE EASY COMPANY SHELF · TAP A SPINE

// Corrections & disputes — where the accounts differ //

The fate of Albert Blithe

Ambrose (1992)

Wounded in Normandy; “never fully recovered”; died in 1948.

Army records & Blithe's family

Recovered fully. Re-enlisted, jumped with the 187th in Korea, was decorated there, and died on active duty in Germany in December 1967. Buried at Arlington.

The record: Corrected. The 1948 date was simply wrong — the company had lost touch and the error hardened into print. The record now agrees with the family.

SOURCES: Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992) · Brotherton, We Who Are Alive and Remain (2009)

Who took which gun at Brécourt

Winters (2006)

A methodical gun-by-gun sequence, timed and diagrammed — he later walked historians through it on the ground.

Malarkey (2008) · Guarnere (2007)

The same trench, remembered from inside it: order and credit for guns two and three shift, and the timing of Speirs' D Company rush on the last gun moves with the teller.

The record: Honestly unresolved. Twelve men, four guns, about three hours, sixty years of retelling. The outcome — battery silenced, causeway opened, a map of every German gun on Utah Beach captured — is not in dispute.

SOURCES: Winters w/ Kingseed, Beyond Band of Brothers (2006) · Malarkey w/ Welch, Easy Company Soldier (2008) · Guarnere & Heffron, Brothers in Battle, Best of Friends (2007)

Norman Dike at Foy

The memoirs

“Foxhole Norman” — an absentee commander who froze in the open at Foy and had to be relieved mid-attack.

The service record

A decorated officer who had led men before Easy and served credibly on staffs after it, retiring years later as a lieutenant colonel.

The record: Both can be true: a capable staff officer, and the wrong man to lead a rifle company assault. The men who lay in the snow outside Foy kept their own verdict, and the books preserve it.

SOURCES: Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992) · Winters w/ Kingseed, Beyond Band of Brothers (2006) · Frederick & Dorr, Fierce Valor (2022)

X

Reel X

Epilogue

What the Army wrote down, and what Shakespeare wrote first.

War Department — General Orders No. 17

Washington 25, D.C. — 13 March 1945

Battle Honors — 101st Airborne Division

Cited for extraordinary heroism and gallantry in the defense of the key communications center of Bastogne, Belgium, 18–27 December 1944. Surrounded, attacked day and night from every quarter, short of winter clothing, ammunition, and medical supplies, the division held.

The first time in the history of the United States Army that an entire division was cited. Gen. Eisenhower presented it himself, at Mourmelon-le-Grand, 15 March 1945 — with Easy Company standing in the ranks.

SOURCES: US Army Center of Military History · Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992)

From this day to the ending of the world,

But we in it shall be rememberèd—

We few, we happy few, we band of brothers;

For he to-day that sheds his blood with me

Shall be my brother.

Henry V, Act IV Scene iii — the St. Crispin's Day speech

Ambrose took his title from this line. The men mostly didn't quote Shakespeare; they said things like “Hang tough” and “Currahee.” Same idea.

SOURCES: Shakespeare, Henry V, Act IV Scene iii (1599) · Ambrose, Band of Brothers (1992)

// The roll — Easy Company men in this archive //

Richard D. Winters1918–2011
Lewis Nixon III1918–1995
Harry F. Welsh1918–1995
Lynn D. Compton1921–2012
Ronald C. Speirs1920–2007
C. Carwood Lipton1920–2001
William J. Guarnere1923–2014
Joe Toye1919–1995
Donald G. Malarkey1921–2017
Warren H. MuckKIA Bastogne, 10 Jan 1945
Denver Randleman1920–2003
Darrell C. Powers1923–2009
Eugene G. Roe1922–1998
George Luz1921–1998
Frank J. Perconte1917–2013
Edward J. Heffron1923–2013
David Kenyon WebsterLost at sea, 1961

A /fun project — a digital cousin of the Currahee Military Museum in Toccoa and the shelf of books the men left us. Go read them.